does copper react with acid
The disproportionation of copper(I) ions in solution. If copper (C u) reacts with hydrochloric acid (H C l), what would happen? C. Slow reaction. Yes. Copper (I) oxide is further oxidized to copper (II) oxide (CuO), which is black in color (equation 2). Metals below hydrogen in the reactivity series (copper, silver, gold and platinum) will not react with dilute acid. Hydrogen is given off more slowly with ethanoic acid. Answer. review low prices products in our store. around the world. We've already seen that copper(I) iodide is produced as an off-white precipitate if you add potassium iodide solution to a solution containing copper(II) ions. Using this reaction to find the concentration of copper(II) ions in solution. You add the last few drops of the sodium thiosulphate solution slowly until the blue colour disappears. Nitric acid is an oxidising agent and the reaction is not the usual acid + metal reaction. Your choice of 1M or 2M H2SO4 would be considered as being dilute. Some websites say yes and some say no. Copper (I) oxide is further oxidized to copper (II) oxide (CuO), which is black in color (equation 2). However, it will react with hot, concentrated sulphuric acid. How can endothermic reaction be spontaneous? If you add concentrated hydrochloric acid to a solution containing hexaaquacopper(II) ions, the six water molecules are replaced by four chloride ions. You can think of this happening in two stages. Cu + HNO 3 reacts in different ways and give different products. Copper and mercury metal does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid as it comes after hydrogen in the activity series, i.e., they can't replace hydrogen from hydrochloric acid.. Copper does not reacts with dilute sulphuric acid . What happens to particles when a substance gains energy and changes state? Most fake gold jewelry is copper based, meaning a form of copper alloy, mainly type of brass (copper and tin). Copper reacts in two ways with nitric acid. In practice, the Cu(II) is present as the complex ion [Cu(OH 2) 6] 2+. No reaction. (Although since 1983, pennies are actually made of zinc surrounded by a paper-thin copper foil to give them the traditional appearance of pennies.) Reactions of hexaaquacopper(II) ions with ammonia solution. When it is almost all gone, you add some starch solution. The ability of an acid to oxidize metals determines its effect on copper. If you add water to the green solution, it returns to the blue colour. Starting with a discrepant event and led through a series of experiments, students of an introductory chemistry course investigate if copper metal reacts with acetic acid. The first step in the development of a patina is oxidation to form copper (I) oxide (Cu 2 O), which has a red or pink colour (equation 1), when copper atoms initially react with oxygen molecules in the air. Zinc displaces copper metal, which acts as a catalyst. Hydrochloric and phosphoric acid don't oxidize metals well and won't dissolve copper. Copper(II) ions oxidise iodide ions to iodine, and in the process are themselves reduced to copper(I) iodide. This reacts reversibly with iodine to give a deep blue starch-iodine complex which is much easier to see. Only metals which are higher than hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with sulphuric acid. The reaction between copper and hydrochloric acid. Take a simple Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve (this curve shows the number of particles in a system with a certain energy): At the initial temperature ( #T1=20°C# ), only particles enclosed within the activation energy (Ea) and between T1 and the x-axis had sufficient energy to react. A metal-acid reaction is a redox reaction. A ligand exchange reaction involving chloride ions. They cannot displace hydrogen from the non-metal anion. Although you should take a look at what Klaus said, copper does in fact react with hydrochloric acid, it just takes a week until all the copper is converted into copper chloride (green) and another week or so until it forms crystals and you can dissolve them in water to form copper chloride again (but depending on the amount of chloride it has, it'll be blue or green). Copper — reaction with nitric acid. The first step in the development of a patina is oxidation to form copper (I) oxide (Cu 2 O), which has a red or pink colour (equation 1), when copper atoms initially react with oxygen molecules in the air. In practice, the Cu(II) is present as the complex ion [Cu(OH 2) 6] 2+. The resultant product is called copper sulphate. welcome to usa online shopping center. Adding strong acid to nickel creates nickel oxide, a greenish blue crust that appears on coins left outside in the rain. The copper(I) iodide is virtually insoluble in water, and so the disproportionation reaction doesn't happen. For example, if you react copper(I) oxide with hot dilute sulphuric acid, you might expect to get a solution of copper(I) sulphate and water produced. Cu + 2 H2SO4 = CuSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O. Reaction of copper with acids Copper metal dissolves in hot concentrated sulphuric acid forming Cu(II) ions and hydrogen, H 2 . Note that in the first answer, it is the copper scrap that dissolves in acid and not copper. When any excess copper carbonate has settled, the colours of copper chloride (green) and copper ethanoate (blue) will be seen. Hydroxide ions (from, say, sodium hydroxide solution) remove hydrogen ions from the water ligands attached to the copper ion. D. Displacement reaction. But when concentrated sulphuric acid is poured over copper plate, effervescence is observed. It depends on how strong oxidant is the acid. Once the temperature was increased to #T2=40°C#, more particles had enough energy to react, as the number of particles with enough energy increased from the dark green area to the dark and light green area. reactions between hexaaqua ions and hydroxide ions, reactions between hexaaqua ions and ammonia solution, reactions between hexaaqua ions and carbonate ions. If you trace the reacting proportions through the two equations, you will find that for every 2 moles of copper(II) ions you had to start with, you need 2 moles of sodium thiosulphate solution. However it does react with nitric acid. Copper + Nitric Acid . Copper is below Hydrogen on the reactivity series and it should not react with sulphuric acid for all practical purposes. Answer: Copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid. It is due to a principle within chemical kinetics called collision theory. Starting with a discrepant event and led through a series of experiments, students of an introductory chemistry course investigate if copper metal reacts with acetic acid. This reverses the last reaction by stripping off the extra chloride ion. get reducedDoes Astatine React With Sodium Iodide And Does Copper React With Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid On Sale . Hence, more of the particles can readily react, increasing the rate of reaction at higher temperatures. Since copper has a higher reduction potential than hydrogen, it does not react with non-oxidising acids like HCl or dil.H2SO4. The initial mucky brown mixture separates into an off-white precipitate of copper(I) iodide under an iodine solution. Some sources say that beryllium does not react with nitric acid. Reaction of copper with acids. You will find the reactions between hexaaqua ions and carbonate ions discussed in detail if you follow this link. A metal-acid reaction is a redox reaction. Also, copper can react with H2SO4 in the presence of oxygen. Copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid as its reduction potential is higher than that of hydrogen. You can get the white precipitate of copper(I) chloride (mentioned above) by adding water to this solution. Tin will react with condensed acid but diluted acid the reaction will need to be sped up by heat, tin is the most nonreactive of group 2 metals GCSE But metal oxides are basic substances, and so they generally react with acids forming respective salt and water. What Does Nitric Acid React With. These ions will immediately oxidise the Cu to Cu+ while themselves being reduced to Cu+, which are oxidised by O2 to Cu2+, and it is this reaction that makes the dissolution proceed, only without evolution of H2. Finding that oxygen from the air plays an important role in the reaction of these substances, students ultimately realize that the conditions under which two reactants interact are important in determining the type of products that are made. Notice that only 4 of the 6 water molecules are replaced. Copper usually does not react with most cold dilute acids. ", 1868 views However, procedures for making beryllium nitrate by reacting beryllium powder with nitric acid are readily available. By reacting copper (II) oxide, a black solid, with colourless dilute sulfuric acid, they produce copper (II) sulfate with a characteristic blue colour. The reaction of hexaaquacopper(II) ions with carbonate ions. The disproportionation reaction only occurs with simple copper(I) ions in solution. Copper does not displace hydrogen from non-oxidising acids like HCl or dilute H2SO4. Stabalising the copper(I) oxidation state. In fact you get a brown precipitate of copper and a blue solution of copper(II) sulphate because of the disproportionation reaction. The chlorine-containing complex is formed if copper(I) oxide is dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid. Let us discuss metals and their reactions with dilute acids briefly. I'm trying to explain the reactivity series in which copper metal cannot displace hydrogen from acid but copper(ii) oxide can react with acid in a double displacement reaction. Copper does not react with HCl acid, but copper oxide does react. Generally, pure copper does not react with acetic acid; however, a reactive oxide layer is formed upon exposure to air. Although nitric acid reacts with many materials, for the purposes of gold buying, nitric acid reacts with copper based alloys. However it does react with nitric acid. we are glad you are here ! It will also react with nitric acid to form oxides of nitrogen. Because the reaction is reversible, you get a mixture of colours due to both of the complex ions. The higher the copper concentration, the more powerful the reaction. This is a good example of disproportionation - a reaction in which something oxidises and reduces itself. The reaction of hexaaquacopper(II) ions with iodide ions. Adding strong acid to elemental iron will react to produce iron oxides or rust. The page also covers some simple copper(I) chemistry. Copper does not react with HCl acid, but copper oxide does react. They utilize MCO reactions to oxidize the amino acids in the Cu 2+ binding sites and MS to identify the amino acids that have been oxidized [20, 21]. Copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid, liberating hydrogen because copper is lower in electromotive series than hydrogen, or more fundamentally, because the magnitude of change in gibbs free energy when a single atom of elemental hydrogen ionizes is greater than the magnitude of the change in gibbs free energy when a single atom of elemental copper ionizes. So, does copper react with acid? Therefore, copper is present below hydrogen in the reactivity series of metal. Copper(I) chemistry is limited by a reaction which occurs involving simple copper(I) ions in solution. This is insoluble in water and a precipitate is formed. You will need to use the BACK BUTTON on your browser to come back here afterwards. Forming copper(I) complexes (other than the one with water as a ligand) also stabalises the copper(I) oxidation state. How do I relate equilibrium constants to temperature change to find the enthalpy of reaction? The reaction of hexaaquacopper(II) ions with hydroxide ions. Copper dissolves in nitric acid. This reaction takes place because the metal oxidizes with a strong reagent. You can find the amount of iodine liberated by titration with sodium thiosulphate solution. Now in Assertion its given that copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid but in the reason it is given that copper is more reactive than hydrogen but this is not possible as the less reactive cannot displace the more reactive element from its salt solution. Sulfuric acid has a medium oxidizing ability and will dissolve copper over time. The chemistry of copper(II) is mainly summarised from elsewhere on the site, with links available to more detailed explanations. The products are oxides of nitrogen instead of hydrogen. Copper is less reactive than many metals, but it does react with sulfuric acid. What is the change in... See all questions in Energy Change in Reactions. What causes energy changes in chemical reactions? Why is this? This page looks at some aspects of copper chemistry required for UK A' level exams. Copper metal dissolves in hot concentrated sulphuric acid to form solutions containing the aquated Cu(II) ion together with hydrogen gas, H 2. only particles within the dark green area could react. Copper is an unreactive metal and doesn’t react in normal circumstances with dilute acids. Similarly copper(I) chloride can be produced as a white precipitate (reaction described below). O2 slowly reacts with Cu to produce CuO, and this will dissolve in the acid to give Cu2+ ions. Any attempt to produce a simple copper(I) compound in solution results in this happening. For an isothermal process, S = __________? Since copper has a higher reduction potential than hydrogen, it does not react with non-oxidising acids like HCl or dil.H2SO4. Provided this is separated from the solution and dried as quickly as possible, it remains white. Use the BACK button on your browser to return to this page. This connection with sulfuric acid has many uses in industry and in learning chemistry. The ammonia replaces water as a ligand to give tetraamminediaquacopper(II) ions. During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. In contact with water, though, it slowly turns blue as copper(II) ions are formed. Copper is more reactive than hydrogen. Copper oxide reacts much faster with acid at 40°C than at 20°C. For example, both [Cu(NH3)2]+ and [CuCl2]- are copper(I) complexes which don't disproportionate. All metals do not react with the same rate. H2SO4 to H2 and Cu can not react. Precious metals, such as gold and silver, resist oxidation reactions and require a strong acid … You simply get a precipitate of what you can think of as copper(II) carbonate. Cu + 4HNO 3 → Cu(NO) 3 + 2NO 2 + H 2 O (B) With 50% concentrated nitric acid copper reacts to give copper nitrate, nitric oxide and water. Copper does not react with hydrochloric acid. We recently reported the synthesis of a “paddle-wheel” dinuclear copper matrix that afforded new capabilities for studies of both mono-metal and multi-metal containing peptide complexes . On the other hand, if you react copper with concentrated H2SO4, the following will occur. Copper is an unreactive metal and doesn’t react in normal circumstances with dilute acids. In water, Cu(II) is present as the complex ion [Cu(H 2 O) 6 ] 2+ [8]. As the sodium thiosulphate solution is run in from a burette, the colour of the iodine fades. The reaction is slow at room temperature but its rate can be increased by the addition of a little copper(II) sulphate. In simple terms: "As the temperature of a system is increased, more particles have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy and perform a successful collision. If you pipette a known volume of a solution containing copper(II) ions into a flask, and then add an excess of potassium iodide solution, you get the reaction we have just described. If this is the first set of questions you have done, please read the introductory page before you start. read more Reaction of copper with acids. Stabalising the … You may find the colour of the tetrachlorocuprate(II) ion variously described as olive-green or yellow. B. Both acids will fizz with the copper carbonate, but the reaction with hydrochloric acid will be more vigorous. But this reaction is different from typical metal - acid reaction because nitric acid is an oxidizing acid. With a small amount of ammonia, hydrogen ions are pulled off the hexaaqua ion exactly as in the hydroxide ion case to give the same neutral complex. The reactivity series follows the order: P b > H > C u. Nitric acid molecule [Deposit Photos] Nitric acid (diluted and concentrated) displays oxidizing properties, with the dissolution of copper. Copper will not react with sulphuric acid, because copper is not reactive enough. If so,... What is the difference between adiabatic process and isothermal process? Thus, C u is below hydrogen and can't displace it. Sulfuric dioxide is produced when copper metal is heated up in concentrated sulfuric acid, and the resulting copper ions can easily react in several other copper related reactions. Copper(I) ions in solution disproportionate to give copper(II) ions and a precipitate of copper. And in the second answer, Copper is actually lower than Hydrogen in the reactivity series. The ammonia acts as both a base and a ligand. Copper is a reddish-brown metal, widely used in plumbing and electrical wiring; it is perhaps most familiar to people in the United States in the form of the penny. It does for example with dilute nitric acid. 3Cu + 8HNO 3 → Cu(NO 3) 2.2NO + 4H 2 O (C) With 20 - 25% dilute. I.e. Therefore, Cu does not reduce H+ ion given by dil. How do endothermic reactions absorb heat? This happens because of formation of hydrogen gas. A. Vigourous reaction. Reacting copper (II) oxide with sulfuric acid In this experiment, students react an insoluble metal oxide with a dilute acid to form a soluble salt. Once a hydrogen ion has been removed from two of the water molecules, you are left with a complex with no charge - a neutral complex. 2Cu + H2SO4 = CuSO4 + H2 (dilute sulphuric acid is used) Usually copper sulphate is made in school by the reaction between BLACK copper oxide + Clear sulphuric acid liquid producing a BLUE liquid and hydrogen bubbles! According to the concentration of HNO 3 acid solution Therefore, no reaction would take place between C u and H C l. If you know the concentration of the sodium thiosulphate solution, it is easy to calculate the concentration of the copper(II) ions. Collision theory states, that for particles to react, they have to collide in the correct orientation and have sufficient energy to create a successful (reacting) collision. So, no reaction takes place when dilute sulphuric acid is poured on a copper plate. For example, if you react copper (I) oxide with hot dilute sulphuric acid, you might expect to get a solution of copper (I) sulphate and water produced. The simplest ion that copper forms in solution is the typical blue hexaaquacopper(II) ion - [Cu(H2O)6]2+. One source uses semi-concentrated nitric acid, claiming that the gas evolved is nitrogen monoxide. If you seal the end of a syringe and push on the plunger, is that process isothermal? In fact you get a brown precipitate of copper and a blue solution of copper (II) sulphate because of the disproportionation reaction. But metal oxides are basic substances, and so they generally react with acids forming respective salt and water. That precipitate dissolves if you add an excess of ammonia. No, Copper does not react with non-oxidizing acid like dilute sulphuric acid, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, etc because its reduction potential is higher than that of hydrogen. The CuSO4 will dissolve in the solution of the reaction. First, you get copper(I) chloride formed: But in the presence of excess chloride ions from the HCl, this reacts to give a stable, soluble copper(I) complex. , sodium hydroxide solution ) remove hydrogen ions from the solution of copper chemistry required for UK '... A good example of disproportionation - a reaction in which something oxidises and reduces itself the second,. Occurs with simple copper ( II ) ions nitrate by reacting beryllium powder with nitric is... Adding strong acid to nickel creates nickel oxide, a reactive oxide is... A ' level exams done, please read the introductory page before you start because of the fades! Practical purposes process isothermal as the sodium thiosulphate solution hydrogen is given off more slowly with ethanoic.... Starch-Iodine complex which is much easier to See the sodium thiosulphate solution slowly until the blue disappears... And it should not react with sulphuric acid as its reduction potential is higher that! Of 1M or 2M H2SO4 would be considered as being dilute or dil.H2SO4 happen... Get the white precipitate of copper ( II ) ions and hydrogen, it is almost all gone, add! Concentration, the colour of the reaction of hexaaquacopper ( II ) ions Cu does react... Think of this happening because copper is actually lower than hydrogen, H 2 ethanoic acid iodide ions ways... Slowly with ethanoic acid the reactivity series hot, concentrated sulphuric acid and dried as as. Temperature but its rate can be increased by the addition of a little copper ( II ) ions oxidise ions. Deposit Photos ] Nitric acid ( diluted and concentrated ) displays oxidizing,. The blue colour disappears can be increased by the addition of a little copper ( )... Does react with sulphuric acid as its reduction potential than hydrogen in the reactivity series and should... No reaction takes place because the metal oxidizes with a strong reagent at! It will react with HCl acid, but copper oxide reacts much with... Photos ] Nitric acid ( diluted and concentrated ) displays oxidizing properties, with the carbonate... Photos ] Nitric acid ( H C l ), what would happen isothermal process, J! 2 H2O does copper react with acid, for the purposes of gold buying, nitric is. That the gas evolved is nitrogen monoxide will dissolve in the second answer, copper can react non-oxidising... By a reaction in which something oxidises and reduces itself reaction described below ) at 40°C than at.. Example of disproportionation - a reaction which occurs involving simple copper ( ). Uk a ' level exams will be more vigorous its rate can be increased by the addition of little! Of questions you have done, please read the introductory page before you start ammonia acts as a white (. Actually lower than hydrogen in the reactivity series follow this link considered as being dilute metals well and n't! Called collision theory, please read the introductory page before you start on the site, links! You start increasing the rate of reaction at higher temperatures a greenish blue crust that appears on coins left in... Higher reduction potential than hydrogen in the first answer, copper is less reactive many... Circumstances with dilute acid chemical kinetics called collision theory, more of the iodine.... Is a good example of disproportionation - a reaction in which something oxidises and reduces.. H > C u is below hydrogen and ca n't displace it with many materials, the... More vigorous particles when a substance gains energy and changes state also covers simple! 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Insoluble in water and a precipitate of copper browser to come BACK here afterwards effervescence observed..., but it does react the tetrachlorocuprate ( II ) sulphate burette, the more powerful reaction... Metals and their reactions with dilute acids according to the blue colour semi-concentrated nitric acid reversibly with iodine to tetraamminediaquacopper! Would happen dark green area could react drops of the reaction is different from typical -! Described as olive-green or yellow over time of disproportionation - a reaction which occurs involving simple (... Gas evolved is nitrogen monoxide % dilute copper over time to elemental iron will with. Is observed [ Deposit Photos ] Nitric acid ( H C l ), would. Beryllium nitrate by reacting beryllium powder with nitric acid to give Cu2+.! Precipitate ( reaction described below ) in fact you get a precipitate of (. A brown precipitate of copper of HNO 3 acid solution copper oxide does react buying, nitric acid is unreactive. ; however, it is almost all gone, you add water to the green solution, reactions hexaaqua! Can not displace hydrogen from non-oxidising acids like HCl or dilute H2SO4 and... It depends on how strong oxidant is the change in... See all questions in change! 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas blue solution of the tetrachlorocuprate ( II ) is summarised! Would happen nitrogen monoxide metal reaction products are oxides of nitrogen changes state because the... Displace hydrogen from non-oxidising acids like HCl or dil.H2SO4 metals below hydrogen ca... Is separated from the solution of copper with acids forming respective salt and water ion. Greenish blue crust that appears on coins left outside in the solution of copper ( I ) chloride mentioned! And this will dissolve in the second answer, copper can react with acetic acid ; however, it to! Mainly summarised from elsewhere on the reactivity series are readily available ) by adding water to this page to.! A medium oxidizing ability and will dissolve in the acid off-white precipitate of what you can get the white (... 2 ) 6 ] 2+ that precipitate dissolves if you follow this link contact with water, though it. Reduced to copper ( I ) ions in solution amount of iodine liberated by with... P b > H > C u is below hydrogen in the reactivity series react! Precipitate is formed detail if you seal the end of a little copper ( )... With non-oxidising acids like HCl or dil.H2SO4 constants to temperature change to find the enthalpy of reaction at temperatures. Collision theory read the introductory page before you start sodium thiosulphate solution run... Solution and dried as quickly as possible, it does react with sulphuric acid for all practical purposes iodide! And tin ) elsewhere on the site, with the copper carbonate, but copper oxide much... Thiosulphate solution complex ions industry and in the reactivity series will react to produce a simple copper ( )! Notice that only 4 of the complex ion [ Cu ( OH 2 6! For making beryllium nitrate by reacting beryllium powder with nitric acid are readily available nickel creates oxide. Can not displace hydrogen from the non-metal anion is less reactive than many metals, but oxide! Oxidise iodide ions of copper by the addition of a little copper ( I ) compound in disproportionate. Easier to See few drops of the 6 water molecules are replaced a. With non-oxidising acids like HCl or dil.H2SO4 and carbonate ions the products are oxides of instead... It does not react with the same rate one source uses semi-concentrated nitric acid reacts with hydrochloric (! DisPlays oxidizing properties, with links available to more detailed explanations precipitate of copper and a ligand the reaction hydrochloric! Below hydrogen in the reactivity series of metal series will react with non-oxidising like. Not react with the dissolution of copper that of hydrogen of this in! 2M H2SO4 would be considered as being dilute reaction because nitric acid reacts with hydrochloric acid will be vigorous... To this solution when dilute sulphuric acid the concentration of HNO 3 acid solution copper oxide does react dilute! Particles within the dark green area could react, is that process isothermal ideal.... Is present below hydrogen on the other hand, if you follow link... From a burette, the Cu ( II ) ions with ammonia solution, does... C u the change in reactions amount of iodine liberated by titration with sodium thiosulphate solution based, meaning form... Is the difference between adiabatic process and isothermal process, 5.0 J heat... With 20 - 25 % dilute two stages reaction takes place because the metal with. In contact with water, though, it slowly turns blue as copper ( I ) is... The complex ions concentrated H2SO4, the following will occur iron oxides or.... H+ ion given by dil and in the first set of questions have. When it is the copper scrap that dissolves in acid and not copper and platinum ) not. Layer is formed if copper ( I ) ions with carbonate ions ;. Reactions between hexaaqua ions and hydrogen, it does not reduce H+ ion given by dil below... The complex ion [ Cu ( OH 2 ) 6 ] 2+ with in! Readily react, increasing the rate of reaction at higher temperatures concentrated ) displays oxidizing properties, with links to.
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