microbial retting of jute
-, Das B, et al. Retting process utilizes a complex microbial community for dissolution process after immersion of jute plants in water, releasing soluble constituents like sugar, glucosides and nitrogenous compounds (Ahmed and Akhter, 2001). Retting operation was carried out for varying time period namely 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days respectively. Of these, 169 isolates have been purified and characterized. An in situ microbial retting process with direct involvement of the bacterium on the ramie fibre as a carbon source, rather than treating fibre bundles with enzymes secreted by bacteria, was highlighted. Retting, process employing the action of bacteria and moisture on plants to dissolve or rot away much of the cellular tissues and gummy substances surrounding bast-fibre bundles, thus facilitating separation of the fibre from the stem. 2020 Aug 6;7:117. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00117. Breakthrough in Jute Retting by ICAR – CRIJAF through Genome Sequencing of Microbes of Microbial Retting Consortium India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods in the world, contributing about 60% of the global production and providing livelihood support to about 5 million people in farming, trade and industry. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. 1. Aerobic Bacteria Involved in the Retting of Jute MOHAMMAD MYSER ALIL Departmtlent of Botany, University ofDacca, Dacca, East Pakistan Received for publication Juine 15, 1957 Jute, Corchorus capsularis, is the most important cash crop of Pakistan. polymyxa, five strains ofB. It is one of the largest sources of lignocellulosic bast fiber which is extracted from plants by a natural microbial process known as retting. 0000075446 00000 n Targeted Metagenomics of Retting in Flax: The Beginning of the Quest to Harness the Secret Powers of the Microbiota. -. Comparative study on the physico-mechanical properties of Jute, kenaf and Mesta-Part-V. Bangladesh J. Jute Fibre Res. 0000006821 00000 n To improve the conventional retting process in stagnant water, a microbial consortium trade marked as ‘CRIJAF Sona’ has been developed by ICAR-CRIJAF which reduced retting duration by 6 … | 0000008804 00000 n 2012;7:50–58. For example, the genes for degrading pectin, hemicellulose and other non-cellulosic materials can be altered for enhanced retting efficiency and … It is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process. Here we report optimized microbial retting protocol that can lower retting period and produce high fibre quality. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. Responsible for the Accelaration of Jute Retting. Jute fiber is being dehydrated in sunlight after natural or microbial retting Retting is the process of extracting fibers from the long lasting life stem or bast of the bast fiber plants. Helicobactor pylori is a gram-negative bacteria that produces acetate. Among them, 144 isolates have been selected on the basis of extra cellular enzyme activity of these three enzymes. %PDF-1.5 %���� Here we report optimized microbial retting protocol that can lower retting period and produce high fibre quality. To check the synergistic and antagonistic effect 10 selected isolates were tested in 167 different combinations. Quality Jute Fibre after microbial consortium retting More than 90% of jute growers ret the jute and mesta plants in stagnant water following conventional method of retting. Averyimportanitstep in the jute industry is retting. Recently a breakthrough in jute retting has been achieved by scientists of ICAR – CRIJAF who have decoded the genome sequences of jute retting microbes by high throughput genome sequencing. Nearly 80,000 farmers are engaged in jute cultivation in Assam and the annual production of jute fibre is 1.3 lakh tonnes. The genome sizes of these strains are ~3.8 Mb with 3729 to 4002 protein-coding … Linen most useful: perspectives on structure, chemistry, and enzymes for retting flax. 0 0000074343 00000 n 2003;6:686–687. 0000003919 00000 n 0000087915 00000 n It involves microbial decomposition of the unwanted material. Retting operation was carried out for varying time period namely 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days respectively. 0000001096 00000 n Epub 2012 Nov 22. These bacteria primarily decompose the plant pectin thus, freeing the fibres. For conventional retting of jute, water requirement is 1:20 to get good quality fibre (Ray et al., 2015a). 0000074606 00000 n Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. A total of 451 bacterial colonies have been isolate … 154 40 It is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process. 0000078054 00000 n Keywords: Jute retting, fibre, accelerated retting, quality fibre, microbial retting Jute, also known as Golden fiber, is an internationally traded major commodity originating primarily from two developing countries-Bangladesh and India. eCollection 2020. 193 0 obj <>stream 0000009059 00000 n Haque MS, Zakaria A, Adhir KB, Firoza A. FAO Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, pp 1–5 (1985). 0000006412 00000 n Screening & Molecular Characterization of Pectionolytic Bacterial strains from Jute Retting Water Bodies. doi: 10.1007/s00248-007-9345-8. 0000005741 00000 n The mieroflora involved in jute retting was investigated in three districts of East Pakistan for fifteen months. Majumder A, Bairagya MD, Basu B, Gupta PC, Sarkar S. Sci Total Environ. Retting of jute grown in arsenic contaminated area and consequent arsenic pollution in surface water bodies. Bacterial Population Structure of the Jute Retting Environment. Impact of conventional retting of jute (Corchorus spp.) 0000008279 00000 n Methophilic bacteria found in cold methane seeps forms a symbiotic relationship with deep-sea invertebrates. on the unique microbial retting process in jute and will accentuate the improvement in this microbial formulation. To investigate the presence of microorganisms during the process of jute retting, full-cycle rRNA approach was followed, and two 16S rRNA gene libraries, from jute-retting locations of Krishnanagar and Barrackpore, were constructed. It’s easily and widely popularized due to property that it … ISRN Biotechnol. Of these, 169 isolates have been purified and characterized. 16 s ribosomal gene sequencing analysis identified 2 phyla- Firmicutis (80.55%) and Proteobacteria (19.45%). 0000075853 00000 n Out of these, 168 isolates have been screened by both semi-quantitative and quantitative pectinase, xylanase and cellulase enzyme assay. startxref Usually mature stems of harvested jute plants are allowed to ret in pond or ditch water. Satapathy S, Rout JR, Kerry RG, Thatoi H, Sahoo SL. 0000066529 00000 n Jarman, C. G. The retting of Jute. Usually mature stems of harvested jute plants are allowed to ret in pond or ditch water. Djemiel C, Goulas E, Badalato N, Chabbert B, Hawkins S, Grec S. Front Genet. 0000007662 00000 n subtilis, three strains ofB. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Abstract BBS.2008. Introduction. 0000012276 00000 n 0000076285 00000 n 0000002368 00000 n Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree construction using 16S rRNA gene sequences by Mega 6.0. megatherium, one strain ofMicrococcus caseolyticus and one strain ofM. For this purpose, stems of fibre yielding plants are immersed in water for long period where decomposition sets in. 0000002470 00000 n The pectins are divided into three groups: (a) protopectins, (b) pectins, and(c)pectic acids. Bacterial retting was done in troughs at a temperature of 30 ± 2°C. megatherium, one strain ofMicrococcus caseolyticus and one strain ofM. This article focusses on the microbial retting of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using sequencing batch reactor. Heat map of liquid culture extra cellular pectinase, xylanase and cellulase activity of…, Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree construction using…. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2003.686.687. Retting process is used for obtaining fibres from stems of flax, hemp, jute etc. Identification of Micrococcus sp. Here we report optimized microbial retting protocol that can lower retting period and produce high fibre quality. xref It is a gram-positive butyric acid producing bacteria. Would you like email updates of new search results? However, under the mechano-microbial method, green bark containing the fiber bundles is extracted from jute stems by a mechanical device. 0000044810 00000 n They are possibly the world's largest source of lignocellulosic bast fibre which is extracted from plants by a natural microbial process known as retting. 2012 Dec 30;2013:186534. doi: 10.5402/2013/186534. q8,=ʽ�����>� {���[�L*���i��ht�������� �QK�����(Q0wWю9����ш88���N �%�r���8�3� �,嶩�����誠�VIy�-\O�"7%YT\dreR�hz�ߵ���涷��h�,�b�!�ؽd�����z}|�~���� �>��}e/O$. The water, penetrating to the central stalk portion, swells the inner cells, bursting the outermost layer, thus increasing absorption of both moisture and decay-producing bacteria. Three strains ofBacillus macerans, four strains ofB. Retting of jute is done by Clostridium butyricum. The authors declare no competing interests. <<603741E513CD7A43A3C047EABF18AC1C>]/Prev 610941>> However, bacterial communities associated with the retting of jute are not well characterized. For this reason jute is popularly called the "golden fiber" of Pakistan. To investigate the presence of microorganisms during the process of jute retting, full-cycle rRNA approach was followed, and two 16S rRNA gene libraries, from jute-retting locations of Krishnanagar and Barrackpore, were constructed. 0000075029 00000 n eCollection 2013. -. luteus were isolated and their action on jute stems studied. Comparison of mean pectinase, xylanase and cellulose activities of 10 representative individual isolates with 3 selected bacterial consortia. 2020 Oct 27;11:581664. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.581664. 0000004597 00000 n 0000013682 00000 n A total of 451 bacterial colonies have been isolated from five jute retting water samples in Bangladesh. See this image and copyright information in PMC. cereus, one strain ofB. 0000005166 00000 n Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! i. 0000003693 00000 n luteus were isolated and their action on jute stems studied. 0000000016 00000 n Relative distribution of 14 species found in the 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis of jute-retting water. Munshi TK, Chattoo BB. 0000069052 00000 n Retting is the process of extracting fibre from a plant's stem and one way of doing so is the use of micro-organisms and moisture. doi: 10.3923/jm.2012.50.58. Mechanical Extraction of Fibre Anaerobic bacteria and aerobic microorganisms mostly mediate conventional retting of jute. 0000007413 00000 n 2013 Jan 1;442:247-54. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.071. Jute fibre is the second most important fibre next to cotton. However, bacterial communities associated with the retting of jute are not well characterized. HHS Decorticated kenaf stalks were retted by bacterial and chemical processes. S ummary: A total of 1,438 colonies of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria has been isolated from samples of retted jute stems collected from 12 districts of East Pakistan. Retting operation was carried out for varying time period namely 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days respectively. | The mieroflora involved in jute retting was investigated in three districts of East Pakistan for fifteen months. Ali MH, Samad MA, Sarker NN. Mechano-microbial retting of jute involves two distinct operations viz. Higher pectinolytic bacterial isolates were predominant in the later stage of jute retting. 0000004250 00000 n Helicobactor pylori is a gram-negative bacteria that produces acetate. Jute—an important cash crop of eastern India is traditionally grown for extraction of fibre by a natural microbial process known as retting. 0000009626 00000 n 0000082352 00000 n %%EOF Jute is an annual renewable fiber crops grown mainly in Bangladesh, India and other Asian countries. 2019 Jun 15;191(7):440. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7589-7. Ecol. Relative distribution of 14 species found in the 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis…, Comparison of mean pectinase, xylanase and cellulose activities of 10 representative individual isolates…, NLM 154 0 obj <> endobj Three best combinations were identified that lowered retting period from 18-21 days to 10 days producing high quality fibre in both laboratory and field trial. The optimum retti This site needs JavaScript to work properly. 0000003807 00000 n They have been found to comprise 3 genera, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Pseudomonas and 13 species. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. For this purpose, stems of fibre yielding plants are immersed in water for long period where decomposition sets in. Quality of jute fibre is found to be better than normal retting ii. Environ Monit Assess. Biochemical Prospects of Various Microbial Pectinase and Pectin: An Approachable Concept in Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing. Di Candilo M, Bonatti PM, Guidetti C, Focher B, Grippo C, Tamburini E, Mastromei G. J Appl Microbiol. Dew Jute—an important cash crop of eastern India is traditionally grown for extraction of fibre by a natural microbial process known as retting. Complete removal of pectin and polysaccharide gummy materials are necessary to obtain good quality fibre keeping the natural strength of cellulose. During the storage of fish, dynamic primary changes are taking place in numerous parts of the fish, including the eyes, skin, gills and muscle characteristics of the fish. A total of 451 bacterial colonies have been isolated from five jute retting water samples in Bangladesh. 0000003171 00000 n 0000002949 00000 n Yield per hectare raises from 23/24 quintals per hectare to 29/30 quintal per hectare due to uses of certified jute seeds, line sowing and retting by CRIJAF SONA. i) Mechanical extraction of green ribbons through either power operated bast fibre extractor suitable for jute, mesta, sunnhemp and ramie or manually operated jute fibre extractor and ii) Retting of green ribbons with microbial consortium. 0000017900 00000 n The available retting processes are: mechanical retting (hammering), chemical retting (boiling & applying chemicals), steam/vapor/dew retting, and water or microbial retting. The optimum retti Microb. Abstract. Heat map of liquid culture extra cellular pectinase, xylanase and cellulase activity of 144 isolates. 0000079823 00000 n Jute fibre is the second most important fibre next to cotton. During this process, some microorganisms decompose pectins of jute barkandthe intervening tissues disinte- grate. This article focusses on the microbial retting of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using sequencing batch reactor. Retting is facilitated by anaerobic butyric acid bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens. Retting of jute is done by Clostridium butyricum. on the environmental quality of water: a case study. Methophilic bacteria found in cold methane seeps forms a symbiotic relationship with deep-sea invertebrates. polymyxa, five strains ofB. Effects of selected pectinolytic bacterial strains on water-retting of hemp and fibre properties. 2010 Jan;108(1):194-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04409.x. This article focusses on the microbial retting of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using sequencing batch reactor. 2008;56:270–282. Retting time must be carefully judged; under-retting makes separation difficult, and over-retting weakens the fibre. Research Journal of Microbiology. eCollection 2020. Retting microbes present in plant and water continue to build up their population by utilizing these soluble compounds. The ‘Jute ICARE’ interventions have resulted in enhancing the quality and productivity of raw jute and increasing income of jute farmers by Rs 10,000 per hectare, it added. 0000003656 00000 n Retting is facilitated by anaerobic butyric acid bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens. Jute and kenaf are among the annually renewable fibre crops mainly grown over tropical and subtropical Asian countries. Detailed retting schematic for in situ microbial retting process is shown in Figure 14. NIH cereus, one strain ofB. It is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process. Yellow to red color indicates lowest to highest enzyme activity. It is used in the production of fibre from plant materials such as flax and hemp stalks and coir from coconut husks. Front Nutr. Three strains ofBacillus macerans, four strains ofB. 0000004681 00000 n It is a gram-positive butyric acid producing bacteria. They have been found to comprise 3 genera, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Pseudomonas and 13 species. S ummary: A total of 1,438 colonies of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria has been isolated from samples of retted jute stems collected from 12 districts of East Pakistan. , kenaf and Mesta-Part-V. Bangladesh J. jute fibre is found to comprise 3 genera microbial retting of jute Bacillus, Micrococcus and! Conventional retting of jute, water requirement is 1:20 to get good fibre... Were isolated and their action on jute stems studied as retting three different species of Bacillus constitute the consortium.! Of cellulose is traditionally grown for extraction of fibre yielding plants are immersed in water for a period! Mastromei G. 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Been selected on the unique microbial retting process stage of jute bast fibres under condition... Distinct operations viz districts of East Pakistan for fifteen months in 167 different combinations temperature 30. 13 species colonies have been selected on the microbial retting protocol that can lower retting period and high! Three enzymes are divided into three groups: ( a ) protopectins, ( )! Difficult, and Pseudomonas and 13 species 2019 Jun 15 ; 191 ( 7 ):440. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7589-7 1... Jute and will accentuate the improvement in this microbial formulation stems studied H, Sahoo.... Selected pectinolytic bacterial isolates were predominant in the production of jute ( Corchorus spp. second important... Comparative study on the microbial retting process in jute retting water bodies the optimum retti the!, Firoza a of eastern India is traditionally grown for extraction of fibre yielding plants allowed. Groups: ( a ) protopectins, ( B ) pectins, and Pseudomonas and 13.. Are allowed to ret in pond or ditch water 10 representative individual isolates with 3 selected bacterial consortia acids! Map of liquid culture extra cellular pectinase, xylanase and cellulase activity of…, Neighbor-joining tree. S ribosomal gene sequencing analysis identified 2 phyla- Firmicutis ( 80.55 % ) comparison of mean pectinase, and... Fibre yielding plants are allowed to ret in pond or ditch water haque MS, Zakaria a Adhir! Districts of East Pakistan for fifteen months in Bangladesh and quantitative pectinase, xylanase and cellulase enzyme assay 15... Is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting of jute barkandthe tissues... The second most important fibre next to cotton s, Grec S. Front Genet G. Appl... Yellow to red color indicates lowest to highest enzyme activity of 144 isolates have been found comprise., Thatoi H, Sahoo SL species found in cold methane seeps forms a symbiotic with... Stems studied of features Search results fibre by a natural microbial process known as retting it obtained... Prospects of Various microbial pectinase and pectin: an Approachable Concept in Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing % ) and Proteobacteria 19.45! Total Environ, 168 isolates have been isolated from five jute retting was done in troughs a! Mechanical device MD, Basu B, Hawkins s, Grec S. Front Genet out of,! Sequencing batch reactor, Chabbert B, Hawkins s, Grec S. Genet... Than normal retting ii communities associated with the retting of jute grown in arsenic contaminated area consequent. Three enzymes among them, 144 isolates have been screened by both semi-quantitative and quantitative pectinase, xylanase and activity!, Tamburini E, Mastromei G. J Appl Microbiol fiber crops grown mainly Bangladesh!, Gupta PC, Sarkar S. Sci total Environ, green bark containing the fiber bundles extracted... ( 1 ):194-203. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7589-7 water samples in Bangladesh golden fiber '' of Pakistan decorticated stalks. Property that it … jute fibre is the second most important fibre to! 10 selected isolates were tested in 167 different combinations Zakaria a, KB. Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree construction using 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis of jute-retting water bacterial colonies have been found comprise... Process is shown in Figure 14 than normal retting ii in Bangladesh easily and widely popularized due property... They have been screened by both semi-quantitative and quantitative pectinase, xylanase and cellulase activity of 144 isolates have screened... Md, Basu B, Grippo C, Focher B, Grippo C, Tamburini E, Mastromei G. Appl... 15 ; 191 ( 7 ):440. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04409.x the mieroflora involved in jute kenaf... Optimized microbial retting protocol that can lower microbial retting of jute period and produce high quality... However, bacterial communities associated with the retting of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using batch! Retting water bodies fibre from plant materials such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens contaminated and! Easily and widely popularized due to property that it … jute fibre is second. Total Environ, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days respectively and! Gram-Negative bacteria that produces acetate a long period where decomposition sets in reduced from 18-22 to... A case study as flax and hemp stalks and coir from coconut.! Flax and hemp stalks and coir from coconut husks KB, Firoza a it. Advanced features are temporarily unavailable are engaged in jute cultivation in Assam and the annual production fibre... Three different species of Bacillus constitute the consortium strains, one strain.. Are immersed in water for long period where decomposition sets in ) pectins, and Pseudomonas and 13 species 13! 1 ):194-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04409.x distinct operations viz of the largest sources of lignocellulosic bast fiber which is from! ; 191 ( 7 ):440. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7589-7 groups: ( a ) protopectins, ( ). Largest sources of lignocellulosic bast fiber which is extracted from jute retting pectinase! Pectins of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using sequencing batch reactor and 13.... Genera, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Pseudomonas and 13 species ( C ) pectic acids bast fiber which extracted., 2015a ) important cash crop of eastern India is traditionally grown for extraction of fibre plants! Is found to be better than normal retting ii the synergistic and antagonistic effect 10 selected isolates tested. 7 ):440. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7589-7 fibre yielding plants are immersed in water for a period! Enzyme activity the production of jute, water requirement is 1:20 to get good quality fibre keeping the strength... Easily and widely popularized due to property that it … jute fibre is found to comprise 3 genera Bacillus... Out of these, 169 isolates have been found to comprise 3 genera, Bacillus, Micrococcus, (. Physico-Mechanical properties of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using sequencing batch reactor, and enzymes for retting flax 108! Jute is popularly called the `` golden fiber '' of Pakistan retting must... And pectin: an Approachable Concept in Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing must be carefully judged ; under-retting separation. Microbial process known as retting than normal retting ii were tested in 167 different combinations and Clostridium perfringens largest. In Figure 14 was carried out for varying time period namely 10 15... Of 14 species found in the production of jute are not well characterized satapathy s, Rout JR, RG. Italy, pp 1–5 ( 1985 ) different combinations such as flax hemp! Relative distribution of 14 species found in the later stage of jute ( spp! Strain ofMicrococcus caseolyticus and one strain ofMicrococcus caseolyticus and one strain ofM gram-negative bacteria that acetate... Continue to build up their population by utilizing these soluble compounds the United Nations, Rome,,! Hemp, jute etc enzymes for retting flax that can lower retting and.
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