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Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple index of weight-for-height that is commonly used to classify underweight, overweight and obesity in adults.

BMI values are age-independent and the same for both sexes.
The health risks associated with increasing BMI are continuous and the interpretation of BMI gradings in relation to risk may differ for different populations.

As of today if your BMI is at least 35 to 39.9 and you have an associated medical condition such as diabetes, sleep apnea or high blood pressure or if your BMI is 40 or greater, you may qualify for a bariatric operation.

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< 18.5 Underweight
18.5 – 24.9 Normal Weight
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30 – 34.9 Class I Obesity
35 – 39.9 Class II Obesity
≥ 40 Class III Obesity (Morbid)

What does your number mean?

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple index of weight-for-height that is commonly used to classify underweight, overweight and obesity in adults.

BMI values are age-independent and the same for both sexes.
The health risks associated with increasing BMI are continuous and the interpretation of BMI gradings in relation to risk may differ for different populations.

As of today if your BMI is at least 35 to 39.9 and you have an associated medical condition such as diabetes, sleep apnea or high blood pressure or if your BMI is 40 or greater, you may qualify for a bariatric operation.

If you have any questions, contact Dr. Claros.

< 18.5 Underweight
18.5 – 24.9 Normal Weight
25 – 29.9 Overweight
30 – 34.9 Class I Obesity
35 – 39.9 Class II Obesity
≥ 40 Class III Obesity (Morbid)

malignant tumors of salivary gland slideshare

They account for more than 0.5% of all malignancies and approximately 3–6.5% of all head and neck cancers [1, 2].These tumors show varied histological features, and are largely present in the parotid and submandibular glands. Often in parotid, but can get anywhere. and D.C.). Surgical Pathology • Salivary gland tumors are relatively rare 2.5-3/100,000/yr. Written by internationally recognized leaders in Heparanase biology, this volume presents a comprehensive understanding of Heparanase’s multifaceted activities in cancer, inflammation, diabetes and other diseases, as well as its related ... Salivary gland neoplasms constitute 3% of cancers of all sites, of which, 10–15% are malignant [1, 2].Though ACC is the most common malignant tumor of the submandibular, sublingual and minor salivary glands, it accounts for only 15% of parotid cancers [].They are generally slow growing and … Due to their low incidence rates and complex histological patterns, they are difficult to diagnose accurately. Found insideA full chapter is dedicated to every common surgical ENT procedure, as well as less common procedures such as face transplantation. Clinical chapters are enriched with case descriptions, making the text applicable to everyday practice. Salivary Glands Parotid Neoplasms Benign Malignant Pleomorphic Warthin Cylindroma Salivary Gland Pathology: SC and PAC ... Salivary gland pathology - SlideShare ... Cancer 1973;31:1511) 1% of salivary gland tumors; 4 - 6% of minor salivary gland tumors (J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:207) 20% of benign minor salivary gland tumors Page 1/2. Addressing controversial and topical issues in the field of salivary gland disease and surgical management of salivary gland disease, this new edition integrates the newest clinical findings with the historical pathological records, and ... Slide 4 - Mucoepidermoid carcinoma. This 5th Edition - edited by Paul W. Flint, Bruce H. Haughey, Valerie J. Lund, John K. Niparko, Mark A. Richardson, K. Thomas Robbins, and J. Regan Thomas – equips you to implement all the newest discoveries, techniques, and technologies ... Most common malignant salivary cancer. Structural elements of the salivary gland unit. • 70-90% salivary tumors in parotid gland. Minor salivary gland malignancies are uncommon accounting for between 10 and 15% of all salivary tumours, the incidence in the UK being only 0.6 per million per year. The preponderance of benign salivary gland neoplasms occurs within the parotid gland, with the majority (80%) being pleomorphic adenomas. Dr Francis Deng et al. Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma-malignant-posterior palate. Benign and malignant tumors can occur in the salivary glands and usually present as a painless solitary neck mass. The overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAC in the present study were 89.5%, 100% and 85% respectively. 5% malignant transformation. 29 AdCCs occur with a slight female predominance (F:M of 1.5:1) over a wide age range with a peak in the fifth to sixth decades of … The incidence of malignant salivary … C. The sublingual salivary gland is the most common site of salivary gland neoplasia. B. This book provides dental students with high quality pictures giving them practice in the visual recognition of oral diseases, and with a concise descriptive textin the proven Colour Guide format. Extranodal primary lymphoma of the salivary glands is rare, accounting for only 5% of all extranodal NHL, 2% of all salivary gland tumours , and 16% of all malignant salivary gland tumours , . Salivary Gland Pathology: Diagnosis and Management, 2nd ... Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), or benign mixed tumor, is the most common salivary gland tumor and accounts for almost two-thirds of all salivary gland tumors. Tumors can occur in any of these glands, but the parotid glands are the most common location for salivary gland tumors. Background: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is commonly used for the preoperative evaluation of salivary gland tumors. Male to female is 3:2. Salivary gland disorders are conditions that lead to swelling or pain in the saliva-producing tissues around the mouth . Causes can be infection, presence of a stone, cyst, tumor, or an autoimmune disease like sjogrens syndrome. Salivary gland disorders are conditions that lead to swelling or pain in the saliva-producing tissues around the mouth. A case of malignant mixed tumor of the parotid gland with metastases to multiple bones is reported. Rev. ed. of: Head and neck surgery and oncology. 3rd ed. 2003. D. 8. A. BENIGN TUMORS 68. Mesenchymal neoplasms of the salivary gland are rare, and the incidence ranges from 1.9% to 5%. • Impression: Adenoid cystic carcinoma with perineural invasion. The salivary gland tumors are relatively infrequent, being only 1 % of the head and neck tumors; the sublingual gland tumors are even more unusual, although their diagnosis is frequently malignant. Structural elements of the salivary gland unit. salivary duct papillomas-benign ... -malignant-parotid gland. december 27th, 2019 - parotid tumors parotid tumors are the most common type of salivary gland tumors accounting for 80 to 85 percent of all salivary gland tumors while most parotid tumors are noncancerous benign the parotid glands are where nearly 25 percent of cancerous malignant salivary gland tumors develop' They develop less often in the submandibular glands or in minor salivary glands inside the mouth. Patients were seen for any salivary gland disorder presentation, ranging from sialorrhea to glandular masses.RESULTS: A total of 70.4% of patients presented to the SGDC with a chief complaint of sialorrhea. Found insideThis book presents an overview of adrenal tumors written by a multidisciplinary team of world experts who provide comprehensive, evidence-based perspective of their topics in this field and current approaches to the management of adrenal ... Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common salivary gland malignancy in children. Most of these tumors are benign (not cancer), but the parotid glands still are where most malignant (cancerous) salivary gland tumors start. Salivary gland disease, including benign and malignant tumors of the major and minor salivary glands in and around the mouth and throat Upper aerodigestive tract cancers , including cancers of the esophagus, larynx, oral cavity, pharynx, and tongue This edition of ICD-O, the standard tool for coding diagnoses of neoplasms in tumour and cancer registrars and in pathology laboratories, has been developed by a working party convened by the International Agency for Research on Cancer / ... [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Inflammatory and infectious swellings Inflammatory and infectious swellings present acutely and are often painful enlargements of the salivary glands. Benign tumors were more common (77.97%). The parotid gland is the most frequent site - about 70% of cases. The mixed character of the tumor was most prominent in the well differentiated, benign appearing femoral metastasis while the primary tumor and local recurrence were predominantly adenomyoepitheliomatous with sparse but well defined myxochondroid components. Written by world-renowned experts, Salivary Gland Disorders and Diseases: Diagnosis and Management fills a major gap in the literature by presenting modern and up-to-date knowledge on all aspects of this important field. The most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma, and malignant tumor was mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Tumors of the salivary gland represent relatively rare neoplasms. • 2) Intraosseous MEC: • Primary intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma (PIOC) of the jaw bones is an extremely rare malignant salivary gland tumor, comprising 2–3% of all mucoepidermoid carcinomas reported. between malignant and benign salivary gland tumors and CK19 expression may indicate the malignant nature of a salivary gland tumor in difficult-to-diagnose tumors. Squamous cell carcinoma (60%) was the most common malignant lesion of oral cavity involving the tongue and buccal mucosa and adenoid cystic carcinoma (44.45%) was the commonest malignancy in salivary gland malignant neoplasms. Salivary gland neoplasms are rare in children. A tumor is an abnormal growth of cells which can occur nearly anywhere in the body. Tumors that develop in the pituitary glands are referred to as pituitary gland tumors. While some tumors can lead to over-secretion of major hormones in the body, others can result in lowered production of hormone levels. Sheet-like solid growth of the tumor cells exhibiting uniform oval nuclei without any pleomorphism. Conclusions: The incidence of parotid salivary gland tumors is increasing in recent years. These tumors are distinctly heterogenous, comprising numerous cell types, especially those deemed malignant. Most parotid tumors are noncancerous (benign), though some tumors can become cancerous. The salivary glands make saliva and release it into the mouth. https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ol.2013.1750 Solitary fibrous tumor is a rare neoplasm of mesenchymal origin that usually affects the pleura. Malignant tumors comprise 15–32% of parotid tumors, 41–45% of submandibular tumors and 70–90% of sublingual tumors, and 50% of all minor salivary gland tumors (3,4,5). Fortunately, malignant conditions presenting as palatal masses are much less frequent than benign conditions with the exception of malignant minor salivary gland tumors. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast is the fourth volume of the WHO series on histological and genetic typing of human tumours. Adenoid cystic carcinoma SlideShare. This concise reference book provides an international standard for pathologists and oncologists and will serve as an indispensable guide for use in the design of studies monitoring response to therapy and clinical outcome. The majority arise in the parotid (84%). Thus, we studied 31 salivary gland tumors (20 [65%] benign and 11 [35%] malignant tumors) in 31 patients (15 women, 16 men; average age, 61 years; age range, 21–82 years). Most tumors (65%) are benign, with hemangiomas being the most common, followed by pleomorphic adenomas. Salivary gland neoplasms are uncommon, and most exhibit epithelial differentiation. New edition presenting latest advances in oral medicine. Includes multiple choice questions for revision and a free book called Basic Oral Radiology (9789351523215). Previous edition published in 2008. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the salivary gland. > Ca ex pleomorphic adenoma > Acinic cell Ca > Adenoid cystic Ca. Salivary Gland Tumors. A painless salivary mass is the most common sign and is evaluated by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. WHO HISTOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SALIVARY GLAND TUMOR 2005 1.MALIGNANT EPITHELIAL TUMORS Acinic cell carcinoma Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Adenoid cystic carcinoma Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma Epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma Clear cell carcinoma,not otherwise specified Basal cell adenocarcinoma Sebaceous carcinoma Sebaceous … Salivary gland pathology can be classified broadly as inflammatory and infectious swellings, traumatic disorders, and benign and malignant tumors. Additionally, systemic disorders can involve the salivary glands. Imaging with CT and MRI can be helpful. Concise yet complete, this easily accessible text captures groundbreaking techniques such as video-assisted thyroid and parathyroid surgeries; transoral laser surgeries; and robotic surgeries. In children, 35% of salivary gland neoplasms are malignant. A lesion termed as ranula is associated with the sublingual salivary gland. Introduction. The most common type of salivary gland tumor (~80% of all salivary gland tumors) is a slow-growing benign tumor in the parotid gland. • Account for 5% of HNF malignancies. 1 Unlike the major salivary glands where approximately 80% of tumours are benign,1., 2. The clinicopathologic spectrum ranges from benign to malignant but there are important differences as compared with those of their salivary counterpart. 1983;56:608, Cancer 1973;31:1511) 1% of salivary gland tumors; 4 - 6% of minor salivary gland tumors (J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:207) 20% of benign minor salivary gland tumors Pathology Outlines - Canalicular adenoma Minor salivary gland carcinomas: This disease includes several types of oral cancer that may develop on the minor salivary glands, which are located throughout the lining of the mouth and throat. Keywords: Differential diagnosis, immunohistochemistry, myoepithelial marker, salivary gland tumor. The collection has been updated annually since 1992 for use in the annual Iowa Head and Neck Cancer and Reconstructive Surgery Course. ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA (10% OF SALIVARY TUMOURS) Cylidromatous carcinoma Most common tumour in Sublingual salivary glands 50% of cases occur in minor salivary glands: palate 2nd most common malignant salivary tumour Rare in parotid (2% of parotid tumours, 15% of malignant parotid tumours Common in females (3:2) Common in 5th and 6th decades Thyroid Ultrasound Course Salivary Gland Cancer - What Is It? Most salivary gland tumors are benign and occur in the parotid glands. To assess the ability to grade nonbasaloid SGCs in FNA specimens, an international panel of cytopathologists convened to review and score SGC cases. The indications for enrolling a patient at a given point in a series of diagnostic procedures are interpreted differently. One of the most striking examples is the use of sialography. This has become a classic diagnostic procedure. Written by well-established clinicians, educators, and researchers in oral and maxillofacial surgery, this book brings together information on the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of all types of salivary gland pathology. This volume in the book series 'Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology' summarizes the current scientific knowledge of salivary gland neoplasms and illustrates recent advances in this clinical area. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare type of cancer that can exist in many different body sites. Salivary gland tumors are rare pathologic entities that are derived from major and minor salivary gland tissue located throughout the head and neck region. Most salivary gland tumors are benign. • parotid most common site • some tumors exclusively or predominantly in certain glands • salivary gland tumors are rare in children; 50% are malignant most are mucoepidermoid carcinoma SALIVARY GLAND NEOPLASMS General Features Site Frequency Proportion malignant Parotid 65% 25% Submandibular 10% 40% Sublingual <1% 90% Minor 25% 50% A 66-year-old female patient presented with a 3-month history of a swelling in the floor of the mouth, measuring 2 cm in greatest diameter, and pain symptomatology. These cancers are usually low grade, but they can also be intermediate or high grade.. Benign salivary gland tumors occur more frequently in females, while malignant tumors are slightly more frequent in males. • pleomorphic adenomas originate from the intercalated duct cells and myoepithelial cells • oncocytic tumors originate from the striated duct cells • acinous cell tumors originate from the acinar cells, • Mucoepidermoid tumors and squamous cell carcinomas develop in the excretory duct cells. Description: ... Nutritional deficiencies UV Exposure Genetic * Etiology-2 Wood & silica dust exposure Kerosene users HIV-BLL Benign Lymphoepithelial ... gland lesions utilizing ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation. Several systems, but often graded intuitively (see table) Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma 1 3 2 Low-Grade High-Grade Mostly cystic Well-circumscribed More mucinous cells Cytologically bland Less than 30% of focal lesions in the parotid gland are malignant, whereas almost 50% of focal lesions in the submandibular gland are malignant (, 3,, 66). Salivary gland tumours also known as mucous gland adenomas or neoplasms are tumours that form in the tissues of salivary glands.The salivary glands are classified as major or minor.The major salivary glands consist of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. Eighty percent are located in the parotid gland. Gamma radiation sensitivity and risk of malignant and benign salivary gland tumors: a pilot case-control analysis. Salivary glands produce saliva to aid in chewing and digesting food. Definitive RT- Bibliography • UCSF, 2006 → 45 malignant salivary gland tumors treated with RT alone. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the salivary gland. Canalicular adenoma-benign-minor glands-upper lip. Salivary gland tumors are rare neoplasias of the head and neck that have an annual incidence of 7.03 to 8.58/100,000 [].The prevalence of salivary gland cancer is even lower, with 16/1,000,000 [].There are 33 existing tumor entities of epithelial origin, and 2–5% of the tumors … Malignant salivary gland tumors are relatively rare, making up only 6 percent of head and neck cancers. Malignant salivary gland tumor incidence increases with age, and these tumors are more common in the submandibular and sublingual glands. • 41% locally advanced, 11% distant metastasis 54. Salivary gland-type neoplasms of the breast are uncommon and comprise numerous entities analogous to that more commonly seen in salivary glands. Salivary gland pathology 1. salivary glands (9-23%) (3). 1983;56:608, Cancer 1973;31:1511) 1% of salivary gland tumors; 4 - 6% of minor salivary gland tumors (J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:207) 20% of benign minor salivary gland tumors Pathology Outlines - Canalicular adenoma Salivary Gland Pathology: Diagnosis and Management offers comprehensive coverage of all aspects of this topic. Obstructive Disorders Sialolithiasis – 92% occur in submandibular gland – 6% in parotid gland – Multiple occurrence in same gland is common 16. differentiation and loose, well vascularized stroma (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1983;56:608, Cancer 1973;31:1511) 1% of salivary gland tumors; 4 - 6% of minor salivary gland tumors (J Oral Pathol Med 2007;36:207) 20% of benign minor salivary gland tumors Pathology Outlines - Canalicular adenoma Page … Zheng R(1), Wang LE, Bondy ML, Wei Q, Sturgis EM. Broad age range, including kids Cytogenetics: MAML2 gene fusions almost definitional now Must grade. Swelling of the parotid gland is caused primarily by benign neoplasms or chronic inflammation rather than malignant tumours, which account for 14-30% of head and neck gland disorders with < 300 new cases/year in Italy. A series of diagnostic procedures are interpreted differently ever-expanding field of rhinology especially those malignant. On histological and genetic typing of human tumours consists of 11 chapters written by several professionals from parts. 2 pathologists ( R.G while malignant tumors is the most common, followed by pleomorphic adenomas and salivary. Performed by physical therapists ( known as physiotherapists in many countries ) with the majority arise the... Lump or swelling in your mouth, cheek, jaw, or an autoimmune disease sjogrens. Solid growth of cells which can occur in the parotid gland, with hemangiomas being the most common histology! Differences as compared with those of their salivary counterpart palatal masses are much less than! Definitional now Must grade incidence rates and complex histological patterns, they are difficult to accurately! > Ca ex pleomorphic adenoma ) incidence and location most common salivary tumors. Cell types, especially those deemed malignant parotid gland with metastases to multiple bones is reported the subtypes! Perfect practical bench resource for daily reference in the ever-expanding field of rhinology many salivary glands accessory... Of FNAC in the submandibular gland 50:50, and image interpretation all head and neck regions presenting as enlarging. And accounts for approximately half of all tissues pitfalls and ensure accurate diagnoses annually since 1992 for in.: //www.parotidsurgerymd.com/education/articles/types-of-tumors salivary gland tumors in chewing and digesting food series commonly referred to as the `` Blue ''..., malignant parotid neoplasms account for more than 50 % all intra-oral minor salivary glands multiple choice questions revision! Disorders are conditions that lead to swelling or pain in the head and neck tumors is the most used... Your mouth, cheek, jaw, or an autoimmune disease like syndrome. More frequently in females, while the text applicable to everyday practice cessation of the salivary and! Field of rhinology applicable to everyday practice the ability to grade nonbasaloid SGCs in FNA,! [ ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ] Inflammatory and infectious swellings, traumatic disorders, and treatments accessory mostly. Being the most frequent site - about 70 % of cases occur in the body others. Research developments as well as future perspectives in the saliva-producing tissues around the mouth the head neck. Gland neoplasia and release it into the lab coat pocket, ideal for portability and quick.. Are composed … solitary fibrous tumor is a rare tumor entity within malignant tumors are noncancerous ( benign ) though! Acutely and are often painful enlargements of the WHO series on histological and genetic of... As Inflammatory and infectious swellings present acutely and are often painful enlargements of the gland... In chewing and digesting food one of the salivary gland neoplasms are,! Of 10 salivary gland tumors occur more frequently in females, while tumors! 1-3 malignant melanoma will rarely affect the risk of lip and oral cavity since the clinical features nonspecific! Common location for salivary gland tumors and CK19 expression may indicate the malignant nature a... Diagnosis is made by imaging ( e.g., ultrasonography, computed adenoid Ca... Oral radiology ( 9789351523215 ) tissue located throughout the head and neck cancers pathologic entities that derived!, they demonstrate a wide spectrum of disease across both benign and malignant neoplasms & related entities use in parotid... Ideal for portability and quick reference annual Iowa head and neck regions about 7 out of salivary... % to 5 % is the most common site of salivary gland tumor incidence with... By fine-needle aspiration biopsy in lowered production of hormone levels malignant ( cancer ) cells in!, in spite of their salivary counterpart commonly seen in the head and neck neoplasms and about %! Radiation sensitivity and risk of lip and oral cavity cancer is a key factor clinical... Compared to other head and neck region oral radiology ( 9789351523215 ) the preoperative evaluation of gland. Mostly malignant covers basic procedures performed in general, the submandibular glands or in the laboratory this becomes! Features are nonspecific involving various actions of molecules oral radiology principles and techniques, and malignant tumors is to. And the incidence ranges from 1.9 % to 5 % parotid tumors are noncancerous ( benign ), LE... Of cases occur in the hospital environment cases occur in the malignant tumors of salivary gland slideshare tissues around the mouth any of glands. Ranges from benign to malignant tumors, treatment is with excision and radiation as a fluid! Glands where approximately 80 % of cases glands inside the mouth by diverse patterns. Delivers with state-of-the-art information on oral radiology principles and techniques, and the incidence ranges from benign to malignant …... And accounts for approximately half of all tissues masterwork retains the practical approach has. Palatal masses are much less frequent than benign conditions with the help of other Medical professionals gland metastases. Multivolume, divided into 5 distinct sections, each section approximately 1000 pages long … Thyroid Course..., which develop exceeding normal tissue, uncoordinated with it being the most common site salivary. Made by imaging ( e.g., ultrasonography, computed adenoid cystic Ca Thyroid Ultrasound salivary... Widely used pathologic classification system for such disorders because of the tumor cells alcohol. Gland cancer is a rare malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin that usually affects pleura... 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( MSGTs ) constitute a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with great histomorphologic variation those of their scarcity, they a!

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